March 16, 2015
by Neelima
7 Comments

Butterflies and Diplomacy @ BYOB Party in February 2015 (Part 1)

BYOB

It was a Saturday afternoon, the 21st of February and a big day for us at Mudranik. Since it’s been seven years of Pothi.com and a year of InstaScribe, and also since we moved to our brand new office, celebrations were in order. The best way to celebrate?

Book clubbing was a unanimous choice.

We worried that books would not be a great crowd puller. How many of you have ever visited a Bring Your Book party? Books and parties are polarities, at least that’s what student life teaches us.

It is a very good idea though, as conversation is more focused. The subject is the books that you bring and everyone gets a choice to talk about what they spent hours reading. After a couple of arguments on the reliability of car aggegators, the session kick started with Kiran Jonnalagadda, founder of HasGeek. His book–The Box  by Marc Levinson.

As was to be expected in a meet-up of many diverse persons, the primary theme was non-fiction, but every non-fiction is nothing but documented fiction – containerization bought to the shipping industry all the elements of fiction that story telling requires. The box was an impossible idea that clicked- a real start-up revolution in transportation.

Aditya Sengupta, a stem cell scientist, talked about a rare book called Microbe Hunters that set him off on his career, the kind of book that only a book geek can discover at a good second hand book shop. For a book that was written 90 years ago, it is highly recommended for those who are interested in understanding disease and how to conquer it.  Even for those who only wish to engage in a lucid read, this book satisfies. You may be interested to read this blog post which echoes similar Microbe Hunters love.

Another book the scientist took up was a fiction- several short stories in fact by the famous Daphne du Maurier.Don’t look now and other stories is not as well known as Rebecca and the short story Birds, though there was a horror thriller movie based on the title story. “The stories stay with you even after you have finished and they leave a weird feeling, hard to explain,” Sengupta said.

Sushobhan Avasthi, Assistant Professor at Indian Institute of Science (IISc), was delighted with his experience reading Jimmy Corrigan, the Smartest Kid on Earth, a graphic novel by Chris Ware. Graphic novels are a favorite at Pothi.com and we know that feeling when there are pages with just text and pages with just pictures. It does elicit a kind of book geek empathy.

The Cancer Chronicles was a book that left a heavy impression on Avasti. George Johnson, beset by his own personal tragedy, goes out in search of the beast and realizes that there is so much more to this disease than meets the eye. “My reasoning goes like this,” Sengupta added to the discussion,” What happens when a CD gets scratched? The music goes bad. The same happens to the human DNA.”

Rohit Sharma, business consultant and founder of Bangalore Book Club, reads widely and specializes in history and geo-political genres. “Diplomacy is a more unbiased book by Henry Kissinger. It’s a must-read if you want to understand more about The New World Order, the churn of the 21st century  and the effects of key geopolitical upheavals across each decade. For instance, the Concert of Europe represented the balance of power that existed for a relatively long period of peace, until the war broke out in 1914. Metternich could be called the Sita Ram Kesri of Austrian politics! Kissinger has a clear understanding of the Cold War and what percolated when the Berlin Wall fell. The book is written like a collection of political short stories.”

Shraddha U, a layout engineer with KarMic,  talked about the weirdly interesting Stephen King fiction: 11/22/63 . What happens if you can time travel with historical intent, to prevent the assasination of the President?

Kanchan Ganga, a corporate lawyer and a fan of the classics, described her tome The War of Don Emmanuel’s Nether parts  as a mixture of Wodehouse and Marquez.

Meera Iyer has over 200 published articles on heritage to her credit, and she also writes about other things.She has a PhD in Forest Ecology from Michigan State University and is now working on her first book for Worth A Read about the production of silk.  She also runs the Carnelian, a heritage monument tour group.

She read In the Time of the Butterflies by Julia Alvarez, a beautiful story of how four sisters in the Dominican Republic were murdered for rebelling against General Rafael Leonidas Trujillo’s dictatorship.

“The question that came up in my mind the most was when do you take action—what is that moment when you decide enough is enough?” she said about what she felt after she finished the book. “It was an inspiring feminist read, with scary echoes of our times?”

She also held the audience captive to her story telling finesse with her reading of an old children’s book from the Just William  series. Children’s stories are so engaging even in a group of adults; reading passages aloud can lighten the air and bring little children indoors from their world of play to see what is going on.

More about this party in Part 2.

March 13, 2015
by InstaScribe
0 comments

Visual Friday: Revived Languages

Revived Languages

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March 12, 2015
by Jandré
1 Comment

The Origin of Languages

Have you ever wondered about where languages came from? How is it that the world is filled with so many different languages, something like 6500 of them?

Many of us are familiar with the Biblical account of the tower of Babel found in Genesis 11. Up to that point in time, all people spoke one language. As punishment for challenging the authority of God, he punished them by confusing the languages.

What other creation of language myths/stories are out there? Please comment.

Proto-languages

What is a proto-language? A very simplified answer would describe this as the common ancestor shared by specific language families. For example, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese are part of the Romance languages, Latin being the ancestor or proto-language.

Romance Languages Water
Spanish Agua
Italian Aqua
Portuguese Agua
Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family
English Water
German Wasser
Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family
Danish vand
Russian voda
Polish woda
Czech voda

According to the Ethnologue (16th Edition), there are 147 language families.

Interestingly, some languages are seen as mystery languages. Albanian, spoken in Albania, which also has the Indo-European language as an ancestor, does not have any “relatives” and is in effect its own family.

The Basque language of the Basque people is perhaps the Stonehenge of languages. These people live in southwestern France and northeastern Spain, in the middle, if you like, of Europe. Like Spanish, French also belongs to the Romance Language family.

The logical assumption one would make is that the Basque language would also be a Romance language, or at least related to the Indo-European language family. Yet it does not. Nor does it belong to any other language family. It seems to have just dropped out of the sky!

Nobody knows for sure how it is that approximately 720,000 people speak this language. One theory is that it is the only pre-Indo-European language that survived the arrival of the Indo-European ones.

The Development, Growth and Deviation of a Language

Language and culture are inseparably linked. Culture is shaped, amongst many other factors, by the physical environment. What do I mean by this?

Have you heard the claim that the Eskimos have fifty words for snow? This dates back to the 1880’s when anthropologist Franz Boas spent some time with the Inuit people in in northern Canada.

For a long time this has been debated, denied and described as a hoax, but according to the Washington Post it seems that Mr Boaz was not a liar or hoaxster after all! They really have so many words for snow.

Two examples: They use “aqilokoq” to describe “softly falling snow.” The word “piegnartoq” in turn, describes “the snow [that is] good for driving sled.”

Official Malagasy, one of the languages spoken in Madagascar does not have a Malagasy word for snow, not even one. Why? Neither the modern Malagasy or their ancestors were ever exposed to it. To cope with this, they have appropriated the French la neige.

Another example of how culture and physical environment influences language would be the Malagasy vocabulary around rice agriculture. Manetsa is a very rich and loaded term that has to do with the process of transplanting rice seedlings. What they can describe with one word (and its derivatives) needs sentences in languages that do not have rice agriculture.

Another factor that influences the development of a language would be isolation. In his book, Travels with Charley, John Steinbeck talks about how it was possible to pin point where a person came from by their accent, vocabulary and use of language much before the coming of radio (and television and Internet, by implication).

This phenomenon is still found the world over. In the south of Madagascar, speakers of Tandroy, the language of the Antandroy people, can “hear” he is from village “A” 10 km to the north and she from “B” 15 km to the south.

Travel and emigration also play a role. There is absolutely no way that English would have been the majority language in the USA if it was not for the vast movement of people. Colonization is another contributor. Again, India would not have English as one of its spoken languages was it not for colonization by the British. And so forth….

Conclusion

Where did the Indo-European language come from? Apparently 3 billion people, close to half of everybody, are native speakers of some sort of Indo-European descendant. Dr Andrew Meade from the University of Reading in the UK has published a treatise which argues that “[l]anguages spoken across Europe and Asia are descended from a proto-language that was used 15,000 to 10,000 years ago.”

At InstaScribe we love language. We are also a mixed bunch from different countries and cultures. These are some of the factors that motivated us to start a Languages of the World Series.

We will try to show where different languages come from in an interesting way.

Bonus

InstaScribe prophecy of the week: The next theory will “prove” that every language in the world, including that of the Basques, have one ancestor.

 

March 11, 2015
by InstaScribe
0 comments

Quotes Wednesday

If the government gets hold of you, they'll flog you to death; if the Buddhists get hold of you, they'll starve you to death.

By InstaScribe

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March 10, 2015
by punjacked
0 comments

Readers Can’t Digest – Week 28 (2-Mar to 8-Mar)

homer - eating

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Communist Manifesto sales rise up as Penguin releases bargain classics

communist

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.  A new report by the University of Washington found that even when eTextbooks are given away for free, students continue to buy print.

book - jon stewart

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.  Bibliography of JK Rowling’s work reveals insider details about the publication of her bestselling Harry Potter series

jk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. The Director of one of the largest bookstores in the Netherlands, Bruna Bookstores, has claimed e-readers are dead.

dog dead

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 9, 2015
by abhaga
0 comments

Why less is More in E-book Designing?

The craft of book designing or typesetting has been honed over centuries. Details like the font-face, font-size, line-spacing, page margins, paragraph indents affect the look and readability of the text on a printed page. There are also things like Drop Caps, specially formatted first lines, and chapter opening designs that add an artistic touch to the book. A professionally created book is a treat to watch and a pleasure to read.

So when we move from paper books to e-books, it is natural to want to employ all the above devices to create beautiful looking e-books for our readers. However, a simpler design often works better with e-books.

The e-book readers of today lack support for some of the basic features used in book design. Drop Caps is one example. Hyphenation is another. While it is possible to mimic true Drop Caps with some code wrangling, the real stuff needs support in reader software. E-reading software is evolving but when a particular feature will be available for use can only be speculated upon. The situation is further complicated by the presence of multiple reading platforms, all of which evolve at their own pace and in their own direction.

English: A Picture of a eBook Español: Foto de...

Photo credit: Wikipedia

Beyond reader support, there are things that do not make sense in the digital medium.

Choosing an appropriate font-face and font-size is a major decision when designing a print book. Different font-faces suit different genres. Different font-sizes and line-spacings combine with the selected font-face to make the text readable. With a printed book, it is one size fits all. Every reader has to live with the decisions that the designer makes.

While a well designed book will work nicely for an average reader, consider a reader with poor eye sight. Or one with dyslexia. With e-books, they can choose the most comfortable settings for reading. They can read black on white or white on black. They can read in a font that a designer will never consider using. War and Peace in Comic Sans? Go for it!

There is a fundamental shift when we move from paper books to e-books. In a sense, e-books strip down the embellishments and reduces the publishing process to its bare essentials. There is a storyteller and there is a reader. Paper books are an artefact of the process of telling the story, not central to it. As a storyteller, our focus needs to be on making the communication of our story easy and enjoyable.

By no means am I sounding a death knell for the craft of book designing. It will continue to have its place. On one hand it will evolve to explore the new capabilities offered by the digital medium. On the other, beautifully designed and produced paper books will continue to be cherished.

 

March 6, 2015
by InstaScribe
0 comments

Visual Friday: Reason #123456789 To Read E-books

Reason #123456789 To Read E-books

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March 5, 2015
by Jaya
0 comments

Why PDF to EPUB conversions are so bad?

PDF to EPUB conversion is a hot keyword. Many of you might have searched for it and reached various free and paid converters. If your experience is like most others, you would have been terribly disappointed by the results.

Some common issues?

  • Unexpected or missing line-breaks and paragraphs.
  • Parts or the entire text getting garbled.
  • Headers and footers becoming part of the text.
  • Columns getting misinterpreted.
  • Placement of images, highlight boxes going awry and mixing up with main text.

Why does it happen?

One basic difference is the format itself. PDF is a fixed layout format, while EPUB is reflowable. What this means is that whatever content you see on a PDF page is hardcoded to appear exactly there.

Sometimes this means that PDF does not store enough semantic information. The only information the PDF is interested in storing is how each point on the page is expected to look. When the same sentence wraps onto a new line, the PDF may not know that it is the same sentence.  The same can be said about paragraphs. It also doesn’t distinguish headers and footers from the rest of the text. It only knows that the piece of text that we understand as header comes before the piece of text that we understand as the continuation of chapter. In a two-column layout, the two different parts of the text that are on the same line (in two different columns) may not be understood correctly by PDF. It might treat it as the same sentence (which would be rather meaningless and baffling for a reader!).

The EPUB logo.

The EPUB logo. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

At other times, PDF might store information that is not translatable to EPUB format, e.g. the fixed location of images. Since the content is reflowable in EPUB, if your book in PDF format has relied on the image appearing right next to an entire paragraph, it won’t translate well in EPUB. As a relatively new standard, EPUB also has limitations in terms of the kind of formatting styles it can support. The presence of multiple e-readers, which may have different levels of support for what the standard prescribes, complicates issues further.

PDFs also come in different varieties. Some of them store more information relevant to EPUB and are simpler in layout. They auto-convert better than ones with complex layouts and lesser semantic information.

What to do?

All this doesn’t mean that technology cannot do a better job of conversion than it currently does but given the myriad varieties of PDFs created from different software and at different points of time in the evolution of the format, it is unlikely that a click and go solution will emerge any time soon. If you only have a PDF left of your book, then be prepared to incur the expense or efforts for a round of proofreading, and potential rethinking of layout and content (“Refer to picture on the next page” doesn’t work in EPUB, which doesn’t have anything like a fixed page).

In case of some books, one might argue in favor of having an imperfect EPUB that is auto-converted from PDF rather than not having one at all. For the most part, if you are planning to make EPUB commercially available in the general market, an EPUB converted from PDF without further working upon may not be the most satisfying experience.

 

 

March 4, 2015
by InstaScribe
0 comments

Quotes Wednesday

Man is born to live, not to prepare for life.

By InstaScribe

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March 3, 2015
by punjacked
0 comments

Readers Can’t Digest – Week 27 (23-Feb to 1-Mar)

1. A long lost  Sherlock Holmes short story has been unearthed.

Sherlock

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Chuck Palahniuk has unveiled excerpts from Fight Club 2, a sequel to the bestseller.

fight club

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Thor’s latest issue directly addresses criticisms levelled at comic-creators after Marvel introduced a female incarnation of the hammer-wielding superhero

thor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.  ITV has commissioned two films featuring the French fictional detective Jules Maigret, created by Georges Simenon. Rowan Atkinson will play Maigret

rowan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Maria Semple’s 2012 novel Where’d You Go, Bernadette (Weidenfeld & Nicolson) is being adapted into a film, with Oscar-nominated Richard Linklater lined up to direct.

rl